DESIGN OF AN APPROPRIATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR A Essay

DESIGN OF AN APPROPRIATE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR A REMOTEJRURAL COMMUNITY - Essay utilizationSewage systems that are poorly maintained or virtually non-existent, untreated animal wastes, landfills that are poorly regulated and rising levels of industrial effluents are around of the reasons and issues behind contamination and wastewater generation. In fact, untreated sewage often tends to flow into the streets in rural areas (especially in developing countries) and can run into unpolished fields contaminating the clean water and food sources.This paper will describe two distinct conceptual models for wastewater management and evaluate relevant issues such as water conservation, reuse and sustainability. Thereafter, the best model among the two shall be elaborated further and include a detailed description of the infixed wastewater management scheme. The paper also includes a detailed stakeholder analysis to ascertain the various issues affecting and influencing each stake holder who is either involved or moved(p) due to the prescribed wastewater management scheme.The first model for wastewater management consists of a pilot plant system made up of an ASB (up-flow anaerobiotic sludge blanket), a CW (constructed wetland), SF (Intermittent sand filter) and AVB (Passively aerated vertical bed). This treatment model is highly flexible and can accommodate various wastewater treatment combinations. severally of these components is described below (Henze, 2005)Anaerobic sludge blanket (ASB) the reactor segment of the plant is conical in shape and does not contain any spatter separators for any initial treatment upon preliminary sedimentation. The average working volume of the reactor is 7.5 m3 and has a surface area of 8 m2. The ASB concept has been devised, developed and apply in many parts of the world, especially in the rural regions of developing nations such as China and Brazil (Rofe, 2004).Aerated vertical bed (AVB) For the sure consumption level s of 200 L/d per house, a passive aeration system consisting of four vertical beds can be

Value gap in the hospitality industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 7500 words

Value gap in the hospitality industry - Essay ExampleThe literature look back section (above) gives a detailed summary of the information that was obtained in the course of the secondary research. From this research two primary objectives for the engage could be identified. These are To prize the discrepancy gap surrounded by the customers expectations and perception of their overall experience with the offered service To identify the factors that enhance customer satisfaction in the hotel industry In place to investigate these objectives both qualitative and quantitative research were used. It was not practical to examine the hotel industry as a whole, an as a consequence quartette London based hotels were used in order to examine these factors. 3.2 Research Philosophy Yin (2003) considers two different methods that can be used while conducting research, either qualitative or quantitative. These methods refer to the way the researcher treats and analyses the collected data as well as the data itself. The qualitative research approach is less(prenominal) formal and based on unsystematic and unstructured observations. There is little to no numerical component of the research, and consequently it consists mostly of observations and can be fractious to analyse. According to Corbin and Strauss (2007) qualitative verbal analysis is often used in order to gain proper ensureing of the phenomenon. The use of this method is to value and study the entire situation. Quantitative research has a foundation of numerical data, which then are calculated and accessible in figures with statistics therefore, the quantitative research is more standardize (Corbin & Strauss 2007). A positive side of the quantitative approach is that it is rather easy to generalize from the gathered resources. This study took an informative paradigm that stresses differences in individuals perceptions of social earthly concern that vary across time and place. Interpretive approach thus req uires the researcher to conduct a comprehensive investigation of the phenomenon before drawing any inferences (Klein & Myers 1999). However, since interpretive approach is predominately qualitative, elements of positivism, notably quantitative and statistical techniques were incorporated into the analysis to enhance the generalisability of results. A combined approach of both qualitative and quantitative methods enabled the researcher to understand why customer experience and customer satisfaction are different, and to identify the particularised factors that make the two different. To accomplish this both interviews and the survey questionnaire were used in this study. 3.3 Population The primary mandate of the researcher was to choose a sample whose collected data could be generalised for the entire population of managers, employees and customers from the hotel industry in London. The management including CEOs, supervisors, department heads, managers, and team leaders were among t he population targeted to be included in this study. This population was relevant for this study because it has the knowledge and experience of the perceived differences between customer experience and customer satisfaction. Therefore, their views and perceptions were ideal for this study particularly in answering the research questions. For this study, staff members from four hotels were used as the study population. The specific hotels were

The Baha'i Faith Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Bahai corporate trust - Research Paper Example(Hartz, 2009, p. 6)The Bahai religious belief is said to be the youngest religions of all. It originated in Persia (now Iran) in less than two hundred years ago. It originated as a small local religious movement. It comprises of diverse groups of large number belonging to varied religions, nationality, creed, ethnic background etc. (Hartz, 2009, p. 6)It developed step up of Babi religion. Babi was a movement within Shii Islam. The Shii Muslims believe that a serial publication of twelve Imams from the Prophets own family are the deserving successors of Prophet Muhammad. According to this belief, those twelve Imams were only eligible to rule the Islamic world and were honest divine instruments of divinely transmitted knowledge. Shii Islam continues to uphold the Islamic Theosophical philosophy later developed the Shaykhi school of Shii theosophy. They in turn followed the teachings of Ahmad al-Ahsa (1753-1826). His teachings were continue by Sayyid Kazim. Both of them served as true messengers of God for people who craved to know the truth and to seek God. They served as divine instruments to interpret and reveal unhomogeneous esoteric teachings to the deserving followers. With the death of Sayyid Kazim, arose the Babi movement centering the Bab out of a deep succession crisis (Smith, 2008, pp. 3-5).After a prolonged series of events, over the years, the Bab emerged out to be a very prominent leader and in 1844 he claimed that he had a deep revelation from God and that he knew the divine truth. galore(postnominal) people followed him. However, the Muslim religious leaders of Persia executed the Bab and also killed many of his followers because they felt threatened by this movement. Finally, Bahaullah was the person who gave Bahai Faith its special significance and shaped its moral values. He was one of the early followers of the Bab but his contribution is considered to be far

High School and Education Essay Example for Free

High School and Education Essay1a) Cultural Deprivation-Intellectual Development exploitation of thinking and reasoning skills. Theorists would wall that many WC homes lack educational books, toys and activities that would help stimulate a childs intellectual development. Douglas- WC workchilds scored lower on screen of ability, as their p bents are less probably to support their childrens intellectual development. Bernstein and Young- m separates choose toys that influence intellectual development. Criticism WC whitethorn non be satisfactory to afford these toys etc. -Langu shape up children fail to develop necessary language skills and grow up incapable of abstract thinking and unable to use language to explain, describe, marvel and compare. Restricted Elaborated code Bernstein. MC lay down an advantage as the elaborated code is used by t each(prenominal)ers, text books and exams. Also MC conditiondays-age childs are already fluent speakers (socialisation) so t hey feel at home in condition and are much likely to succeed. Criticism Bernstein describes WC speech inadequate. -Attitudes and Values Parents attitudes and determine are a key factor affecting educational achievement.Douglas- WC parents quad less value on education. Feinstein- the lack of interest is to a greater extent(prenominal) important than fiscal hardship or factors within inform. Many WC subcultures wee-wee different goals, beliefs, attitudes and set from the rest of society. Hyman- WC subculture is a self-imposed barrier to educational success. Sugerman- Fatalism, Collectivism, Immediate Gratification, Present-time Orientation. WC children internalise the beliefs and values of their subculture by means of the socialisation process meaning under-achievement. -Compensatory Education Policy designed to tackle the problem of CD by providing special resources to school and communities in disadvantaged areas. E.g. Sure Start, Education Action Zones etc. Criticism Do nt see the real cause of under-achievement (poverty and material deprivation).-Criticisms Keddie CD is a myth and blames victims. A child cannot be deprived of their own culture they are just culturally different. Troyna and Williams watchers have a speech hierarchy where MC speech is highest. Blackstone and Morti more(prenominal) than parents copy fewer parent evenings as they may work longer hours/less regular hours or put off by schools MC atmosphere. Also may not help their childrens progress as they lack the knowledge. -Studies show that WC children are more likely to leave school from the age of 16 and are less likely to go on to sixth form and university. Also working- crime syndicate children are more likely to start school unable to read, and are more likely to fall behind in reading, writing and number skills.1b) Material Deprivation-Referred to poverty and lack of material necessities (housing/income). -Stats 32% of WC students were considering moving out of the family home to attend university. 90% of failing schools are in deprived areas. 33% of those receiving free school meals got 5 or more A*-C GCSE grades. 90% of failing schools are located in deprived areas. -Housing- overcrowded housing means less space to do work, play, sleep etc, and greater lay on the line of accidents. -Diet and health- lower in paying backs of energy, vitamins and minerals.Poor nutrition - weaker immune system of rules - lowering childrens energy levels - stop ill easier (poor attendance at school). WC children are more likely to have behavioural or emotional problems. -Financial Support- WC children lack equipment and miss out on school trips. They also make do with hand-me-downs (results in creation stigmatised/bullied). Children liveliness in poverty take on jobs (baby sitting, cleaning, paper rounds) which has a negative impact on their school work. Also very few go on to university. The government has tried to tackle this problem, e.g. EMA, raising the schoo l leaving age and providing free-school meals. -Criticisms Ignores internal factors and cultural deprivation.1c) Cultural Capital-Bourdieu suggested MC culture is as worthful in educational terms as economic seat of government. The forms of knowledge, values, ways of interacting and communicating ideas that MC children possess are developed further and rewarded by the education system (qualifications).WC have a lack of cultural capital which break aways to exam failure. They also prepare the message that education isnt meant for them thus they truant/leave school early/provide no effort. -Education, economic and cultural capital can be converted into one another. E.g. MC children with cultural capital are disclose equipped to meet the demands of school and reach qualifications.Wealthier parents can convert their economic capital into educational capital by sending their children to private schools, and paying extra tuition. -Gewirtz sees how greater parental choice of school ha s benefited one social break up more. Study 14 Lon founder schools with inter vistas from parents and teachers. She found that differences in economic and cultural capital lead to class differences in how far parents can implement choice of secondary school. She identifies three main types of parents privileged-skilled choosers (MC parents who used their economic and cultural capital to gain educational capital for their children), disconnected-local choosers (WC parents whose choices were restricted by their lack of economic and cultural capital), and semi-skilled choosers (mainly WC who were ambitious for their children hardly lacked cultural capital).Internal Factors (class difference)2a) Labelling-Attaching a meaning to someone. Teachers often isolate labels regardless of their ability or attitude. -Howard Becker- Did a study based on interviews with 60 Chicago high school teachers they judge pupils to what they think is the ideal pupil. WC children were furthest (regarded as badly behaved). -Cicourel and Kitsuese- Did a study of educational counsellors in an American high school they claimed to judge students according to their ability, however, they judged students on their social class/race- MC have more potential than WC children.-Rist- Did a study of an American kindergarten the teacher used information about childrens background and appearance to place them into separate gatherings. At the front was the tigers (MC, given complex work), cardinals and then the clowns (given easy work like drawing). -Sharp and Green- Did a study about a child-centred primary school children picked their own activities, teachers felt when a child is ready to learn they will seek help. However, teachers believed that children who werent ready should engage in compensatory play. Their find outings support the interactionist view that children of different class background are labelled differently. They argue that the negative labelling of the WC is also the result of inequalities in wider society.2b) Self-Fulfilling Prophecy-A prediction that comes true because it has been do. Step 1 Teacher labels pupil and makes predictions. Step 2 Teacher treats the pupil accordingly. Step 3 Pupil internalises the teachers expectation which becomes part of their self-concept/image, and becomes the kind of pupil the teacher believed (prediction is fulfilled). -Streaming involves separating children into different ability groups (streams). Each group is taught differently. Studies show that the self-fulfilling prophecy is likely to occur once streamed. WC children are usually put in a lower stream as they arent ideal pupils. It is difficult to move up into a higher stream thus are locked into their teachers expectations - self-fulfilling prophecy as the children live up to their teachers expectations by under-achieving.2c) Pupil Subcultures-A group of pupils who share similar values and behaviour patterns. They emerge as a response to the way pupils have been labelled (reaction to streaming). -Lacey Differentiation- process of teachers categorising pupils according to their ability/attitude/behaviour. Polarisation- process in which pupils oppose to streaming by moving towards one of the two opposite extremes. Pro-school subculture- spotlight in higher streams, remain committed to the values of school and gain status through schoolman success. Anti-school subculture- placed in lower streams, have subscript status. -Hargreaves There are two distinctive subcultures Conformists and Non-conformists delinquents (a delinquent subculture that helped guarantee their educational failure).-Woods argues that rather than seeing pupil subcultures as either conformist or deviant, it is more realistic to see a variety of possible adaptations/responses to the schooling process. Pro-school Ingratiation (pupils who try to earn the favour of teachers), Opportunism (those who vary between teacher and mate approval), Compliance (pupils who conform for in strumental reasons), Ritualism (pupils who go through the motions), Colonisation (pupils who avoid trouble, but will deviate if there is less punishment).Anti-school Ritualism, Retreatism (not opposed to school values, but not concerned about achieving success), Colonisation, Intransigence (deviate and arent some(prenominal)ered about the consequences), Rebellion (pupils have little regard to school values and reject school teachings). -Ball found that when the school abolished banding, the basis for pupils to polarise into subcultures was largely removed and the influence of the anti-school subculture declined. However, differentiation continued. As a result, class inequalities can continue due to teachers labelling. -Limitations deterministic assumes that once pupils are labelled, they have no choice but to fulfil the prophecy and will inevitably fail. Ignores wider structures of power blames teachers for labelling pupils but fails to explain why.2d) Marketisation and Selection P olicies-Marketisation is a policy that introduces market forces of supply and demand into areas run by the state. Marketisation has brought in Funding formula (giving a school the same amount of funds for each pupil), Exam League Tables (ranking schools based on their exam performance), Competition among schools to attract pupils. -A-C Economy Schools need to achieve a good league table position to attract pupils and funding. However, this widens the class gap in achievement. The A-C economy is a system in which schools ration their time, money, effort and resources to those who will get 5 A*-C GCSEs to get a high rank. -Educational Triage sorting pupils those who will pass anyway, those with potential, hopeless cases. Those classed as hopeless cases are ignored (self-fulfilling prophecy and failure).-Competition and Selection Schools with a good league table position will be placed to attract other able/MC pupils. Thus improves the schools results and makes it more popular which in creases funding. Popular schools can afford to screen out less able and more difficult pupils, unpopular schools are obliged to take the, get worse results, and get less funding. Cream skimming selecting higher ability pupils, who gain the best results and cost less to teach. Silt-shifting off-loading pupils with learning difficulties, who are expensive to teach and get poor results.-Attraction creating school contracts to attract parents, buying things like pipe organs to get a traditional image of the school (attracting the MC), grant maintained and city technology colleges provide vocational education in partnership with employers (another route to elite education). Ball et al suggests that schools spend more on trade themselves to parents, and spend less in special needs in other areas. -Marketisation and selection created a polarised education system, with happy, well-resourced schools at one extreme, and failing un-resourced schools at the other blurred hierarchy.External Factors (ethnic differences)3a) Cultural Deprivation-Intellectual and linguistic skills Major cause of under-achievement. Many children from low-income black-market families lack intellectual stimulation and enriching experiences. This leaves them poorly equipped for school because they have not been able to develop reasoning and problem-solving skills. Also the language used by black children in inadequate for educational success. Also those who put one acrosst speak English at home may be held back educationally. However, Mirza and Gillborn note that Indian pupils do very well despite not having English as their home language. -Attitudes and Values Lack of motivation is a major cause of the failure of black children. Many children are socialised in a mainstream culture of ambition, competitiveness and willingness to make scarifies to achieve long-term goals.Black children are socialised into a fatalistic subculture. -Family structure Failure to socialise children adequately is t he result of dysfunctional family structure. Many black families are headed by a lone-mother their children are deprived of adequate care because she has to struggle financially due to the absence seizure of the male breadwinner. The absence of the father also leads to the absence of the positive purpose model. Charles Murray would lead to the under-achievement of some minorities. Pryce Asian pupils are higher achievers because their culture is more disgustful to racism and gives them a greater sense of self-worth. Black culture is less cohesive and less resistant to racism. Thus they have low self-esteem and under-achieve.-Asian families device driver and Ballard they bring educational benefits as the parents have more positive attitudes towards education, higher aspirations and are therefore more supportive. Lupton respectful behaviour towards adults was expected from children, and had a knock-on military issue in schools. Khan parents are stress ridden, bound by tradition, and controlling. -Criticisms Driver ignores positive effects of ethnicity on achievement. Lawrence black pupils under-achieve because of racism not self-esteem. Keddie victim-blaming theory. They under-achieve because schools are ethnocentric and favour albumin culture. Compensatory Education it is an attempt to impose on the dominant white culture on children who have a culture of their own. Critics propose 2 alternatives Multicultural education recognises values of minority cultures and includes them in the curriculum. Anti-racist education challenges the prejudice and discrimination that exists in schools and wider society.3b) Material Deprivation-Stats 1) Pakistani and Bangladeshi women are more likely to be in low-paid jobs. 2) 15% of ethnic minority households live in overcrowded conditions. 3) Unemployment is three times higher for African and Bangladeshi/Pakistani people. -Gillborn and Mirza argue that social class factors dont ignore the influence of ethnicity. When we comp are pupils of the same social class but different ethnic origins, we still find differences in achievement.3c) Racism in Wider Society-David Mason Discrimination is a continuing and persistent feature of the experience of Britains citizens of ethnic minority origin. -Rex shows how racial discrimination leads to social exclusion and how this worsens the poverty faced by ethnic minorities. E.g. housing minorities are more likely to be force into substandard accommodation than whites. -Noon two people with the same qualifications and experience applied for a job. However, the white person got the job, rather than the Indian. Thus shows that ethnic minorities are more likely to face unemployment and low pay.Internal Factors (ethnic differences)4a) Labelling and Teacher Racism-Interactionists They see that teachers picture an image of the ideal pupil. But they see that black and Asian far from the ideal pupil. This leads them to label black pupils as disruptive and aggressive, and Asian pupils as passive and a problem they can ignore. -Gillborn and Youdell due to racialised expectations, teachers were quicker to discipline black pupils than others for the same behaviour. -Black pupils Teachers misinterpreted their behaviour as threatening/challenge to authority. Pupils then responded negatively and further conflict resulted. This may be why many black pupils are excluded, and their stereotypes may cause them to be in lower sets (under-achievement). -Asian pupils Teachers assumed that they would have a poor grasp of English and left them out of class discussions or used simplistic childish language. They also felt isolated when teachers mispronounced their names or teachers expressed disapproval of their customs.4b) Pupil Responses and Subcultures-Fuller Study of a group of black girls in year 11. Found that the girls conformed as far as school work was concerned. They worked consistently, but gave the appearance of not doing so (positive attitude to academic succe ss, but preferred to rely on their own efforts than teachers). Fuller sees that pupils may still succeed even when they refuse to conform, and negatively labelling doesnt always lead to failure (no self-fulfilling prophecy). -Mirza Study of ambitious girls who faced teacher racism. The study failed as their coping strategies restricted their opportunities and thus under-achieved. She found that racist teachers discouraged black pupils from being ambitious through the kind of career advice that was given to them.The colour blind teachers who believe all pupils are equal but allow racism got unchallenged. free chauvinists teachers who believe black pupils are culturally deprived and had low expectations of them. Overt racists teachers who believe blacks are inferior and discriminate against them. -Sewell Four ways in which boys respond to racist stereotyping Rebels (rejected twain the goals and rules of school, conforming to the stereotype of the black macho lad. Saw white boys as e ffeminate), Conformists (keen to succeed, accepted the schools goals and avoided stereotypes from teachers or their peers), Retreatists (disconnected from both school and black subcultures), Innovators (pro-education but anti-school).4c) The Ethnocentric Curriculum-Ethnocentric attitude/policy that gives more value to one culture and ignores the rest. -The curriculum is very ethnocentric (favouring white culture). E.g. in teaching languages non-European languages are ignored (also other cultures in literature, art and music). However, in history, black history is taught, but it is focused on slavery. This may pull in lower self-esteem to black pupils as this image of black people as inferior undermines them and may lead to failure.4d) Institutional Racism-Institutional racism discrimination that is built into the way institutions operate. -Schools tend to set schemes for the gifted and talented, and vocational schemes for the less academic e.g. black and Asians.External Factors (ge nder differences)5a) Girls-Feminism McRobbie shows that magazines in the 1970s emphasised the importance of get married. Whereas, nowadays, they contain images of assertive, independent women. Also soap operas now highlight the importance of self-esteem and personal choice for young women. -Family Sine the 1970s there have been major changes in the family. For example an increase in disassociate rates, increase in cohabitation and a decrease in the number of first marriages, increase in the number of lone-parent families (female-headed) and smaller families. These changes affect girls attitudes to education. Such as the increase in female lone-parent families may mean more women need to take on the breadwinner role. This creates a new adult role model for girls- the financially independent.To achieve this, women need well-paid jobs, and thus good qualifications. Also the increase in divorce rates suggests that girls can make their own living. -Employment 1970 Equal Pay Act (illega l to pay women less for the same job as men), Sex Discrimination Act. Womens employment has risen due to the service sector and flexible part-time work. 1975- The pay gap between men and women has increased. Women are now breaking through the glass ceiling (keeps them out of high-level professional managerial jobs). -Ambitions Sharpe- study involved conducting interviews with girls in the 1970s and 1990s. In the 1970s the girls felt that education with unwomanly and if they were interested, it would make them unattractive. In the 1990s, the girls ambitions had changed, and thought careers are more important as they can support themselves.5b) Boys-Feminisation of education Schools do not rearing masculine traits such as competitiveness and leadership. Also coursework has created differences in educational achievement. -Shortage of male primary school teachers Strong positive male role models both at home and at school cause may causeunder-achievement. 16% of men are primary school teachers. 42% said they made them work harder. Yet, Myhill and Jones found they felt male teachers treated boys harshly. -Laddish subculture WC boys are more likely to be labelled as sissies and subjected to homophobic verbal abuse if they appeared to be swots. Boys were more concerned to be labelled by peers than girls, as it is a threat to their masculinity. Thus, WC boys rejected schoolwork to avoid being called gay. Epstein- real boys dont work if they do, they get bullied.Internal Factors (gender differences)6a) Girls and Achievement-Equal opportunities policies Policies such as GIST and WISE encourage girls to pursue a career in non-traditional areas. The field Curriculum has removed one source of gender inequality by making girls and boys study mostly the same subjects. Also schooling has become meritocentric. -Positive role models The increase in female teachers shows that women can achieve positions of importance and giving them non-traditional goals to aim for. -GCSE and coursework Girls are more successful in coursework as they are more conscientious and better organised. Sociologists argue that these characteristics and skills are the result of early gender socialisation. E.g. girls are likely to be encouraged to be neat, tidy and patient. This puts girls in a better place as they achieve greater success.Elwood- not the only cause of the gender gap. -Teacher attention Teachers paid more attention to boys as they are attracted to reprimands. This may explain why teachers have more positive attitudes to girls, whom they see as cooperative, than to boys, whom are seen as disruptive. This may lead to self-fulfilling prophecy in which successful interactions with teachers promote girls self-esteem and raise the achievement levels. -Challenging stereotypes in the curriculum Sexist images have been removed from learning materials.This may help raise girls success levels- more positive images of what women can do. -Selection and league tables Girls are mo re likely to be recruited from good schools as they are more attractive to schools. This may create a self-fulfilling prophecy. -Feminists Liberal- See that further progress will be made by the continuing developments of equal opportunities, and see education is a meritocracy. Radical- schema still remains patriarchal. E.g. sexual harassment continues, education still limits their subject choice and career options, females are less likely to become head-teachers.

Background information on Jo Malone London Essay Example for Free

Background information on Jo Malone capital of the United Kingdom Essay1.1 JO MALONE LONDONJo Malone capital of the United Kingdom was originally founded by Joanne Lesley Malone, in her kitchen in 1983. She is a British perfumer and is wear outicularly known for her scented candles. Joanne Lesley Malone had severe dyslexia and left school without any qualifications that, however, did not stop her from creating the conjunction with her beget Eileen.In her early twenties, Joanne Lesley Malone followed in her mothers footsteps and became a facialist. Unable to afford her own workspace at that time, Joanne Lesley Malone had to work out of her apartment. As her business grew, Joanne Lesley Malone came up with the idea of gifting her clients a small token of appreciation and came up with her very first concoction Nutmeg and Ginger by mixing batches of bath oil color on her stove. Her clients loved it and went back to her to purchase more of her products which make her business gre w.Despite having no substantial training, Joanne Lesley Malone began making perfumes as well. Most fragrances would have a complex blend of light, medium and heavy notes, Joanne Lesley Malones scents only had one or two notes. After the fledging business took off, Joanne Lesley Malone and her husband found and renovated a London retail space, that became the site of her eponymously named parentage. Lines of customers formed down when Jo Malone London opened its first outlet at 154 Walton Street, London in 1994.Jo Malone London became popular after Joanne Lesley Malone made an appearance on The Oprah Winfrey Show. In 1999, Joanne Lesley Malone launched her flagship store in Londons Sloane Street. In the same year, although initially reluctant to give up a company no matter what the price, Joanne Lesley Malone eventually sold Jo Malone London to Este Lauder. Joanne Lesley Malone continued to work for the brand as the creative director until 2006, where she sold the company to Este La uder in its entirety and was barred from creating a new fragrance or skincare line for 5 years due to a non-compete agreement.1.2 power structure DESCRIPTION OF LEARNING EXPERIENCE2.1 JOB RESPONSIBILITIESDEMONSTRATE THE ABILITY TO PROVIDE INSPIRATIONAL, AUTHENTIC AND PERSONALIZED CUSTOMER SERVICE / IDENTIFYING CUSTOMERS NEEDSEvery customer has variant needs and wants when they step into the store. As every customer has different preferences, it is essential to personalize the experiences for different customers. To find out what the customers are looking for, we need to beg TED questions. Through the answers the customers give, we leave alone have better insights and understanding about what they are looking for.PROVIDING INFORMATION ON PRODUCTS / EDUCATING CUSTOMERSFragrances As important as sales is, educating the customers is every bit crucial. What makes Jo Malones colognes so unique is that it is light so it can be layered. They are good on its own but when layered, you exi t get real individual effects. Therefore, customers can come up with their own bespoke scents.Candles and diffusers For every customer that buys the candles and diffusers, our job is to teach them how to use the products. For candles, the customers can only burn for up to four hours and then extinguish it and after burning, the wick of the candle must be trimmed to prevent the candle from tunneling.ASSIST IN DAILY sell OPERATIONCo-ordinate and check merchandise on displayExcept for the testers, the products on display are not displayed pieces but actual selling stocks. In Jo Malone London ION Orchard, it a lottimes gets busy and customers are always rushing in this fast-paced city so we often do not take the stocks from the cabinets and vertical sell the products on display instead.During our free time, we will replenish the merchandise on display. By doing so, it would also minimize external theft as we would be able to immediately realize that the product is missing and then report to our superiors and request for them to check the surveillance cameras.By coordinating and checking the merchandise on display, we will also have better insights on approximately how much of each product needs to be reordered. Handle exchanges of merchandiseA lot of the customers that comes to Jo Malone London are customers that are looking for gifts for their family, friends or loved ones. They often do not know what to buy and often purchase the options between our recommendations.To successfully pie-eyed these deals and not let our potential customers slip out of our hands, we would persuade them to buy by letting them know that we will issue them a sales memorandum so that the receiver may bring the unused products to exchange for something they like should they not like the gift.DISPLAY PROFESSIONAL IMAGE AND ETIQUETTEIn Jo Malone London, we are needful to wear our uniforms, wear formal footwear and put on our aprons and name tags once we are on the sales floor. Groo ming is of great importance as it will not only portray our proism, our customers will also place their trust in our recommendations when they see how well-dressed we are. What we say to them will seem more professional and convincible to them too. Other than attire-wise, makeup is also required as it would add colors to our face making us look more refreshed and it will also positively affect the perception people has on us.PERFORM DAILY HOUSEKEEPINGAs our store is an open layout store with no automatic pistol doors that opens and closes when a customer walks in and out, there is a lot of dust in the store. What adds to this issue is that we have many spotlights in the store which makes the dust a lot more visible. Therefore, it is essential that we wipe the shelves and the tables every morning. On Sunday mornings, we would wipe all products, shelves, and tables. I do not wipe the shelves and tables, it would make our store look dusty, deserted and unsanitary.2.2 GOOD OR BAD MOME NTS EXPERIENCEDGOOD Seeing the reactions of my customers when I tell them that I am merely an intern. After a few days of the internship, I feel more confident with the amount of knowledge I have which really played a huge part in my ability to persuade customers to purchase.BAD During our orientation, we were thought to ask TED questions. And then further suggest scents or products to customers based on our insights. But there often are customers that ask what the best sellers are when they step foot in. What makes this situation tricky is the customers because what may be the bestseller may not be what they like. May I know what kind of scents you like, miss? Because what may be the bestseller may not be what you would like would earn me some glares and angry customers that would stomp off. I often encounter such customers and as much as I want to stay unaffected, I really am.2.3 COLLEAGUES, I HAVE WORKED WITHStella (Assistant Boutique Manager)Shieh Ling (Senior Stylist, irregula r In-Charge)Siew Fong (Senior Stylist)Daryl (Senior Stylist)Cheryl (Stylist)Victoria (Intern converted to part-time)Jasmine (Part-timer)Jamie (Part-timer)Sim (Previous stylist)Ivor (Previous part-timer)Ryan (previous part-timer)REFLECTION ON THE LEARNING EXPERIENCE3.1 THOUGHTS ABOUT THE INTERNSHIP3.2 POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE THOUGHTS3.3 WHAT I LEARNT3.4 SIGNIFICANT LESSONS LEARNTREFERENCEShttps//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jo_Malone_LondonAPPENDIX

Debate whether downloading of music through the internet is ethical or not Essay Example for Free

Debate whether downloading of music through the network is ethical or not Essay medical specialty is one of the countless arts that represent the existence as it is and some fourth dimensions much better- what it should be. Aside from this cliche, the world of music is being torn between legal issues of piracy and what others claim to be the inherent pictorial rights of individuals who would want to listen to music- complete access. The internet provides one of the most destitute access portals for those who would want to ache the music of their choice, but the question remains- is it ethical to trance something for throw in when it is leg tout ensembley established to have a tendering value?In more simple terms- is it ethical to steal music online? Joseph, Francis, Angelo, Kairos, Karina and Angelina have been friends for almost a decade now. They met in their high school years, now they have decided to pursue different paths for their college education. Joseph entered college under a program of business administration Kairos act a similar course under the program of economics. Karina and Angelina who both sh bed undying passion specialized in two major art subjects. Karina analyse arts and letters while Angelina enrolled in a program of music.Angelo, the techno savvy of the group enrolled to be an information technology specialist someday. And lastly, Francis the most authoritative of them all enlisted in the police academy to become a member of the police force someday. every of them are happy in their pursued lives, but there are things that remain the same their friendly relationship and their enthusiasm to listen to music. It became a habit for them to meet up during weekends to catch up over dinner, share a couple of laughs and go back to their mishaps and fun times when they are bland in high school.In one of their dinner at Kairos turn out, they chose to play a concert video of Alicia Keys but then something happened to Angelina (aga inst) Angelina Kairos, this is a nice DVD where did you get it? I did not know that they have already released this one. (pro) Kairos They already have that one in Dantons record bar down the street, but it is pretty expensive. I did not bought it, Angelo got it, (joking) it is no secretour friend has pretty sang-froid tricks in front of a figurer. (pro) Angelo Hey man, stop bragging about it.I might end up downloading whole day for these guys. It is pretty boring man, if its not free, I wont bother at all. (pro) Kairos Hey Angelina, are you ok? Do you feel something wrong? Or are you just in any case mesmerized with the glories of downloading? (against) Angelina Youre unbelievable (pro) Karina Hey Kairos, I think you hit a wrongvery wrong button. (pro) Kairos huh? (against) Angelina You are unbelievable You are to busy calculation how much you butt end save you became a common thief. (pro) Kairos Are you serious? What did I do?(against) Angelina You have practically stolen some thing and yet you act as if nonentity happened. You and Angelo you both favor convenience without its obligations. (pro) Kairos I did not steal anything do not put that on me. Angelo is the one who downloaded. But still, I cannot see your psyche why you are overacting. (against) Angelina Ok, I will indulge you and downloading accomplice in the implications of what you have done, shall I get started? Downloading is stealing because- (Angelo interrupts). (pro) Angelo Its free, get a computer and link it to the internet.You will find there its free you cannot steal something which is free. Thats the glory of it, free downloading it is FREE and logically it will be free even from your so- called obligations . (against) Angelina That is not the point, the point is just like any other form of art Alicia Keys concert is the result of her hard work and even conscientious attempts to create something exemplary beautiful. You stole that from her by not buying the original copy of her conce rt and opting to download a mere duplicate of her work.(pro) Kairos Last time I checked recording companies, reap off a lot from the original copies, not the artist. The competition between record labels is too superficial for median(a) citizens, just like me and Angelo to purchase the original copy. Original copies are too expensive it is like a monopoly of record labels, prices do not compete . And with what I learned, the recording industry without competition is no longer viable as a form of market. (against) Joseph Excuse me, but I think the likes of you and Angelo are the reasonableness for the increase in the prices of original copies.Companies compensate for their losses from free downloads and other forms of piracies . Kairos, above everyone else in this room you should know that, your studying economics right? (pro) Kairos Yes I am, what you are saying is profit making. I am standing on the notion of free. (against) Francis Come one man, what you claim to be free as con tend by Angelina is not free at all I think, you are using the word in a wrong way. (against) Angelina You cannot financially categorize the plant of others for your benefit. It is unbent that the music industry is highly privatized.And it has a very good reason to do so music is private in the sense that it is the return of the musician and singer. The prices are high simply because music is an innovation in its simplicity . The creation of an innovation is one thing, but guarding and protecting it from the likes of you and Angelo is another thing. (pro) Karina I dont know for music which is highly commercialized, I think individuals who want to access into a form of art should be allowed to do so as long as it is permitted by the artist. I doubt that a real artist would deny such privilege.(against) Angelina Karina, you are an artist yourself or at least someone who is aspiring to be. How can you reach your dreams if your early first steps are being trampled by piracy such as t hat experient by kickoff out musicians in free music downloading? (pro) Karina Pirated works are usually that of already made stars, free downloading has minimal effects to starting musicians since their works are not there in the first place . Websites do not host unpopular music files. As a involvement of fact, only 1% of websites have more than 50% of the general traffic in the internet .In short, starting bands are usually and probably exempted. (pro)Angelo What Karina told is true in both statistics and even in logic. Angelina, some starting bands even welcome the idea of being pirated simply because it is a good venue to be established in the music industry which is dominated by bigger music labels . (against) Angelina no(prenominal)matter what statistics you would use, it is unethical because it is stealing in the first place and will forever be stealing. (against) Francis It is true that it is stealing but only through a different way such as the internet .That exit make s some individuals assume that they are doing nothing wrong, but actually they are. (pro)Kairos Well, we can look at this issue through multi perspectives and that what makes it problematic. We can argue regarding this issue for a long time, but nonetheless we will never arrive at a common ground. (against) Angelina So guys, since the topic can be debated indefinitely can we just leave the topic alone and continue to live according to our principles and promise to compromise in the presence of another contradicting principle?(against) Angelo Hey, what friends are for? All agreed to give up on the debate and just enjoy the rest of the night with stories that would allow them to catch up with each other. Their circle of friendship grew stronger after such a healthy debate all of them without exemption learned to compromise. Impact Statement The issue of free downloading music through the internet can be debated on different point of views and starting points. Due to this nature, up to date the debate whether music should be a free go-ahead at some levels is still questionable.Issues on it being ethical are not solely debatable in the light of being a free enterprise or a private intellectual property it can also be debated on the perspectives of economics and profiteering. There are countries that allow free downloading of music such as China, so in terms of citizenship in relation to the issues on ethics behind free downloading of music the countries ruling are still the end of it all. No matter how long debates can be, it can only affect public opinion nonetheless the law will still hold. After watching this group of friends argued on the topic.It can be said that the main question is wrong and prejudicial. Is it ethical to STEAL music online? should be replaced by Is it ethical to DOWNLOAD music online? Bibliography 123HelpMe. com. Copyright Laws, Napster and Personal Ethics. www. 123HelpMe. com. 30 April 2010 http//www. 123helpme. com/view. asp? id=21092 . Albert, Pete. Music Piracy Is downloading music ethical? 2010. 30 April 2010 http//www. helium. com/debates/68480-music-piracy-is-downloading-music-ethical/side_by_side? page=42. Arrington, Michael. Stealing Music Is It Wrong Or Isnt It? 31 March 2009.Techcrunch. com. 30 April 2010 http//techcrunch. com/2009/03/31/stealing-music-is-it-wrong-or-isnt-it/. Easley, Robert. Ethical Issues in the Music Industry Response to Innovation and Piracy. Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 62, No. 2 (2005) 163-168. Johnson, Eric J. , et al. On the Depth and Dynamics of Online Search Behavior. Management Science, Vol. 50, No. 3 (2004) 299-308. Storey, Michael. Music Piracy Is downloading music ethical? 2010. 30 April 2010 http//www. helium. com/debates/68480-music-piracy-is-downloading-music-ethical/side_by_side? page=42.

How Do Smartphones Affect Secondary Students English Language Essay

How Do Smart echos Affect Secondary Students English Language EssayAs technology advances and so does the threats posed to its users increase. However, as technology develops it serves as the headstone of our modern ever-changing world. With the wide availability of the so called SMARTPHONES in the officious market major concerns curb risen to the usage of them by students all all over the world and as a result the effects atomic number 18 drastic.The research question that was examined is as following. How do vivid calls affect secondary students and what be the impacts they gain on training? The scope of the research was based on my rail as a core foundation and the world in general as a comparison modem which allowed me to attain the overall view of the effects.I prepared questionnaires which I handed to students at Sandford international school (see appendices) to 20 IB students, and they filled it and gave it back to me. I to a fault interviewed well-nigh t from each oneers to get a detailed and specific opinion from their thoughts. The results gave me an composition on how scholars themselves have been affected, and I use the results for my further analysis in the essay. This essay dealt with the chores associated with supple devices in comparison to education. I analyzed some(prenominal) the advantages and disfavors before I reached my conclusion.I carried aside my secondary research over the profit and textbooks. The essay focused on the businesss experienced by m some(prenominal) scholars and what are the different ways in which they female genital organ avoid this. I have and then concluded that smartphones have affected many students including the way they learn at school and I have suggested on how students chiffonier help each an an new(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) overcome the problem.Word count 284Introduction1 Failure amongst secondary school students is a global issue. For the last decade Smartphones have become pa rt of our effortless lives. We arouse use smartphones to read the news by means of the internet, send music via Bluetooth, stream live videos, access YouTube, evanesce with friends and family across the world at any time or even create breath taking effects for both picture and videos. A dogged with its growing reliance of Mobile phones and technological development, so far comes a problem that many students face in Schools. The ease of being able to carry these phones into school students at Sandford international school are finding it very hard to cope with classes without easily being distracted. As a result, the abstract nature of intellectual property with regards to smartphones has become a bigger issue. exercising of mobile phones in schools is a growing concern for many schools across the globe which is easy to dis get by as a trivial issue, but whoremaster be considered as a powerful societal force.2Smartphones can be defined as phones that are combined with a compu ting platform and can perform differently than a normal feature phone would. A major concern amongst teachers and parents is the amount of time spent by students playing with their smartphones tour in Sandford international school. Although mobile phones are an epidemic around many schools worldwide, some schools are widely experiencen for being the leading perpetrators on allowing mobile phones to be used in school. This holds up the question How do smartphones affect secondary students and what are the impacts they have on education at Sandford international school? By examining this question along with, potential solutions can be proposed in order to help cure this problem. IB students have become so reliant on mobile phones that it has created a social cycle that has twisted many of these students. Although progress is being made towards controlling the usage of these smartphones, there is still a long way to go before it can be sign ond to a controllable level.3Smartphones are portable devices that are combined with the functions of a cell phone and that of a computer. Producers say the processor inside a smartphone acts as the devices brain, handling most or all of the devices central processing functions on a undivided integrated circuit, or chip.In todays ever-changing world everything is being made better. From the premier cell phone ever made, to todays apples iPhone 5 the difference is really visible. In a period of 20years, massive changes have taken place in the Smart phone industry from when it was first introduced in 1992. For Sandfords students it has mostly contributed to the major problem that many of them now face, attaining grades 4.AnalysisSo what is a so Called SMARTPHONE and why is it popular?A smartphone is a mobile phone built on a special mobile computing platform, with more 7 advanced computing system and connectivity the mobile phone can perform differently from a feature phone would normally operate, an example of a Nokias sm artphone can be seen on figure 2. It is merged with computer communication technologies which allow us to take internet calls for spokesperson Skype, Nimbuzz and many others.Figure 2 showing a Nokia type of a 6 Smartphone8The popularity of the smartphone grew, in part, because of services like Exchange, and their ActiveSync and Push E situation services. People loved the idea of being able to access their email and do business while on the go. With the first smartphones, it was difficult to manage a calendar and contacts because they had to be updated on too many separate devices. Exchange allowed people to update information once and have it show up on all the other devices they used instantly.3G networks and Wi-Fi data portable devices like smartphones persuade students to spend more time using these higher(prenominal)ly influential/interactive devices rather than they would spend on study in symbioticly. 9Students are now much lazier and very dependent on their handheld device s and as a result work is rarely done. An example I picked out at Sandford international school. If Students have school work they do it the night before its due, by simply downloading a PDF file or word document onto their smartphones and accessing it the next day.Social and Ethical impacts/primary research10Cell phones purely have a negative effect on the social and ethical behaviour of students. on that point are many social and ethical impacts concerning mobile phones. As ethics are the ways in which people behave in other lyric its a system of principles and morals. So how do mobile phones affect how people interact with each other, communicate or at the least live with each other?The ethical and social issues according to my research that may arise as a result of using smartphones in Sandford School areThey reduce the social standard in which people interact amongst each otherChange the way people behaveCreate fights amongst peersaffect students regular activitiesThe social impacts are associated with the breed a culture of introverted, isolated people who are unable to deal with real human interaction because they have been trained to communicate with others through their mobile phones.Smartphones can also turn Students into less sociable people whereas instead of talking or communicating with others in real life, they may prefer to communicate online. Privacy, If you dont set a password on your messages or personal information then people can just take it and go through your personal data. particular Research AnalysisAccording to my research I carried out at Sandford international school, (please see the questionnaires in the appendix), I have concluded that the ethical and social issues that may arise are actually true.My primary research shows that even though the teachers of Sandford International School told students that they couldnt use their mobile phones during class time, students started to use it anyway. It also showed that when Students have their time off class theyd rather spend it on Facebook, twitter and YouTube. The school isnt behind though because they be intimate that these devices uses Wi-Fi and therefore the internet they offer is badly used by students and acts as a distraction therefore the school introduced and Installed the Cyberoam software to block websites like Facebook and others so that students couldnt be distracted, But still students use their own 3G sim cards to do so. Also the school once used to use a rule that you shouldnt have a cell phone because the school has a landline phone that anyone could use. But this was annoying to many students because before you called whoever you wanted to call you had to state your problem to the school secretary before she could allow you to call. Technological advancement has changed many things. Using a landline phone is out dated and students prefer to bring their own smart phones to school because they go through less trouble and save time.Is using a mobile phone become such a necessity that students have to use it? Has it become an obsession or an addiction? I prepared questionnaires focusing on how much of the IB students use their smartphones for school cogitate activities and etc.70% of IB students in Sandford International School say that they are online almost all day because of their smartphones that are connected to the Internet most of the day. They are constantly receiving notifications and dashings from Facebook, Gmail, and twitter.According to my results most IB students soundly (70%) in Sandford International School use their smartphones for non-educational purposes.20% of other students told me that with the smartphone in French/Spanish class its easy for them to see words from English to French and vice versa with Google translator as can be seen on figure 2.5Figure2 shows a student using Google translator in one of the language classes.And the other 10% of the students that filled out questionnaires say that they just have their smartphones in school in case of an emergency and it serves as no distraction to them whatsoever.I included the question do you consider yourself addicted or obsessed to your smartphone? in the questionnaires I handed out to students. precisely 15% said that they were addicted or obsessed. Which I didnt believe because the ones that said arent addicted are the ones that are usually the ones playing with their phones in class. Studies found that high school students who used their smartphones endlessly to check their Facebook account at least once during a 15 minute study period achieved 21lower grades. Below is a chart showing the percentage in which most IB students at Sandford use their smartphones for (figure 3).11Figure 3 shows the percentage in which most students use their smartphones for.The techno centric thing rough the device is that students can type their notes using their smartphones and print wirelessly without the need of being connected to a pr inter via a cable. So how does this technology work?21 When you first set up a wireless printer, you point it to the wireless network, or plug it into the router via Ethernet. Traditionally, these printers are not discoverable by Wi-Fi sniffers since they do not tell themselves or communicate with anything other than the access point or router.Printer configurations determine who can send it mail. You can tell the printer to accept mail from anyone or from only certain names on a whitelist. It could be one whole domain or just one person. This prevents unauthorized use, should the e-mail address be compromised.Once the sender is authorized and approved, the e-mail file attachment is downloaded to the printer, rendered in the appropriate format (Word, Excel, an image) and then printed.Across my research I was able to come across some advantages and dis advantages that I have outlined below.Advantages of a SmartphoneTo reduce both the environmental costs of cutting down trees, transp orting it, manufacturing it into a final product and other costs, all large books, novels, story books and so on should now be digitized and used as 13eBooks or PDFS for a simper and faster access by students that have smartphones. The eBook technology is already in place and students with larger screens can now enjoy this technology at hand. A good example of an eBook reader is the Amazon provoke, shown in figure 6. The Amazon Kindle is very good because it helps reduce stock and space of books. The main disadvantage about this eBook reader though, is that it is expensive. Most textbooks have now been digitized. This eBook technology involves the student downloading the book, saves and uses it as a PDF file on the smartphone or PC rather than having a bag full of books which can easily get destroyed, misplaced and lost. I see this as the future of textbooks and exercise books. Everything will be digitized in the near future and students shall have no complains as to why they did or did not do the work at a particular time.14Figure 6 shows an amazon kindle which can be used for eBooks as an example.IB Students who are forgetful arent anymore as they can now write and save up reminders with an alarm to alert and remind them to the task at a particular time and day without forgetting or the urge to try and remember. Secondly the smartphone helps the student to always be on time.Hence With the smartphone students can easily listen to music that theyve downloaded onto their mobile phones and wouldnt need to have an iPod because smartphones could hold up memory sticks with different storage capacity from 1Giba Bytes up to 16Giba Bytes, they could send and receive documents from other people, chat with others on 15 apps like mxit, ebuddy and many others.Parents on the other hand dont have to worry only if they have a Smartphone. These days some schools send 16 RSS feeds and emails of upcoming events, meetings, regarding the students and the school directly onto yo ur mobile phone if you are subscribed to be receiving the notifications.Lastly I gathered that IB Students can use their smartphones as seen on figure 5 to type notes as they are being taught as this would save on them using paper and its a faster method.17Figure 5 shows a student typing notes while a lecture is being given by a professorThe disadvantages of a smartphoneDistraction. From my Primary research I gathered that most teachers told me that student get distracted in class by phone calls and messages. Student are usually told at the beginning of class and it also written in their student handbook that mobile phones should be completely switched off in class and when such an accompanying happens and the whole class is therefore interrupted and almost every student loses attention and starts talking. The impact of such type of distraction is usually big and can cause many students to start talking to the other students in result they all lose focus on what they were meant to be doing at the time.Cheating. These smartphones can also be used by these students to cheat on their exams and tests for example, since students cant call in exam halls, it could be through the use of text exchange with other students.Privacy concerning both teachers and IB students. With technology advancement teachers have slightly started accepting the usage of the device in some areas and particular times of the school day. wholeness of the reason is that, these smartphones are relatively very high in terms of video quality and recording length. For instance, a teacher could be having an argument with a student and student whos connected to the internet would record this and upload it onto YouTube. As a result the video is then shared with other people, and therefore the privateness of the teachers is then ruined. The video can also be used for bullying if the incident was rapid and outrageous. Those students will use the video to ridicule the person through blackmail.Conclusi on/evaluation/recommendationMobile phones are like a plague at Sandford and which is spreading quickly as more students are buying smartphones. Likewise the effort required to reduce such an effect is substantial. From this essay we have assessed the social and ethical impacts of smartphones, advantages and disadvantages, and solutions could be proposed based on the research question. However, some questions arise from the research. Will parents in collaborating with teachers be able to help the students against the smartphone problem? Is there an ultimate solution that addresses Smartphones social issue without requiring a radical repossess?19Since Smartphones were introduced back in 1992, many problems have risen subjective to this technological advance. More and more people worldwide are now very dependent on their mobile phones than ever before. From office workers to parents, from drivers to students smartphones have caught their attention. smartphones were created to help eas e particular tasks that humans encounter daily and dont have the time use other devices just in order to do their work. The impacts of smartphones are many to list but, these devices are part of everybodys day to day life whether we like it or not, including students. thus we might as well start using them for a good cause. I personally think that mobile phones will never solve the education crisis all over the world, but these smartphones can be seen as another tool kit that if its properly used by the scholars, it can enable both meaningful experiences and chances for a greater result in their studies. To add, the smartphone if it isnt used without self-awareness, caution and a great care can be the inner core of self-damage, miss management, poor performance, bad and abusive behaviour. IB students need to understand and learn the great responsibility to go with the type of technology at hand. In this era the smart phone doubtless is a tool that has power to make the user his own boss in the digital world, but as it is true, the smartphone has both sides the positivistic and negatives. When interacting with the device we should consider that it can help its users just as much as it can destroy them so be cautious with technology. Students need to know and understand the concept that in order for them to succeed in their studies all types of distractions need to be kept away, and spent the time wisely, perhaps going over what theyve studied during the day or week.I believe that with proper usage of the smartphone it has the capability and potential to make its users smarter. Addiction is our biggest enemy at the moment and developers are doing that on purpose because they want to sell their devices globally therefore its up to the users to use the devices consciously. Attaining low grades is one of the outcomes associated with smartphones however its sad to see that students have current the consequences with these smartphones. Think before you act.